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Prochlorococcus is a marine cyanobacterium that numerically dominates the mid-latitude oceans, and is the smallest known oxygenic phototroph. All isolates described thus far can be assigned to either a tightly clustered high-light (HL) adapted clade, or a more divergent low-light (LL) adapted group. They are closely related to, but distinct from, marine Synechococcus. The genomes of 12 strains have been sequenced and they range in size from 1.6 to 2.6 Mbp. They represent diverse lineages, spanning the rRNA diversity (97 to 99.93% similarity) of cultured representatives of this group. Our analyses of these genomes inform our understanding of how adaptation occurs in the oceans along gradients of light, nutrients, and other environmental factors, providing essential context for interpreting rapidly expanding metagenomic datasets.
(Image of Prochlorococcus pseudocolored, taken by Anne Thompson)
Prochlorococcus
View Prochlorococcus in a larger map
Prochlorococcus is a marine cyanobacterium that numerically dominates the mid-latitude oceans, and is the smallest known oxygenic phototroph. All isolates described thus far can be assigned to either a tightly clustered high-light (HL) adapted clade, or a more divergent low-light (LL) adapted group. They are closely related to, but distinct from, marine Synechococcus. The genomes of 12 strains have been sequenced and they range in size from 1.6 to 2.6 Mbp. They represent diverse lineages, spanning the rRNA diversity (97 to 99.93% similarity) of cultured representatives of this group. Our analyses of these genomes inform our understanding of how adaptation occurs in the oceans along gradients of light, nutrients, and other environmental factors, providing essential context for interpreting rapidly expanding metagenomic datasets.
(Image of Prochlorococcus pseudocolored, taken by Anne Thompson)
| Strain | Alternative names | Location | Info | Size | GC Content | Num Contigs | Status | NCBI Taxonomy ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AS9601 | None | Arabian Sea, 50m | Ecotype: High-light | 1669886 | 31.32 | 1 | complete | 146891 |
| MED4 | CCMP1378; CCMP1986 | Mediterranean Sea, 5m | Ecotype: High-light | 1657990 | 30.8 | 1 | complete | 59919 |
| MIT9202 | None | South Pacific, 79m | Ecotype: High-light | 1691453 | 31.14 | 1 | complete | 93058 |
| MIT9211 | None | Equatorial Pacific, 83m | Ecotype: Low-light | 1688963 | 38.01 | 1 | complete | 93059 |
| MIT9215 | None | Equatorial Pacific, surface | Ecotype: High-light | 1738790 | 31.15 | 1 | complete | 93060 |
| MIT9301 | None | Sargasso Sea, 90m | Ecotype: High-light | 1641879 | 31.34 | 1 | complete | 167546 |
| MIT9303 | None | Sargasso Sea, 100m | Ecotype: Low-light | 2682807 | 50.01 | 1 | complete | 59922 |
| MIT9312 | None | Gulf Stream, 135m | Ecotype: High-light | 1709204 | 31.21 | 1 | complete | 74546 |
| MIT9313 | None | Gulf Stream, 135m | Ecotype: Low-light | 2410873 | 50.74 | 1 | complete | 74547 |
| MIT9515 | None | Equatorial Pacific, 15m | Ecotype: High-light | 1704176 | 30.79 | 1 | complete | 167542 |
| NATL1A | None | Northern Atlantic, 30m | Ecotype: Low-light | 1864731 | 34.98 | 1 | complete | 167555 |
| NATL2A | None | Northern Atlantic, 10m | Ecotype: Low-light | 1842899 | 35.12 | 1 | complete | 59920 |
| SS120 | CCMP1375 | Sargasso Sea, 120m | Ecotype: Low-light | 1751080 | 36.44 | 1 | complete | 167539 |