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Home > Genomes > Prochlorococcus

Prochlorococcus

Prochlorococcus is a marine cyanobacterium that numerically dominates the mid-latitude oceans, and is the smallest known oxygenic phototroph. All isolates described thus far can be assigned to either a tightly clustered high-light (HL) adapted clade, or a more divergent low-light (LL) adapted group. They are closely related to, but distinct from, marine Synechococcus. The genomes of 12 strains have been sequenced and they range in size from 1.6 to 2.6 Mbp. They represent diverse lineages, spanning the rRNA diversity (97 to 99.93% similarity) of cultured representatives of this group. Our analyses of these genomes inform our understanding of how adaptation occurs in the oceans along gradients of light, nutrients, and other environmental factors, providing essential context for interpreting rapidly expanding metagenomic datasets.

(Image of Prochlorococcus pseudocolored, taken by Anne Thompson)

Strain	Taxonomy ID	RefSeq	GenBank	Size	GC Content	Ecotype	Additional Info
AS9601				1669886	31.32	High-light	This strain is isolated from Arabian Sea 50m. It belongs to Clade HL-II, the most abundant group in the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans, often constituting over 90% of the total population. Strain AS9601 outgrows MIT9312 in temperatures exceeding 28oC, and can grow at significantly higher tem This project is sequenced/sponsored by The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Marine Microbiology Initiative.
MED4				1657990	30.8	High-light	This strain is isolated from Mediterranean Sea 5m. also known as strain CCMP1986 or CCMP1378 This project is sequenced/sponsored by DOE Joint Genome Institute.
MIT9202				1691453	31.14	High-light	This strain is isolated from South Pacific 79m. This project is sequenced/sponsored by Moore Foundation, JCVI.
MIT9211				1688963	38.01	Low-light	This strain is isolated from Equatorial Pacific 83m. It is unique among Prochlorococcus in its photophysiology and pigment composition. This project is sequenced/sponsored by The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Marine Microbiology Initiative.
MIT9215				1738790	31.15	High-light	This strain is isolated from Equatorial Pacific surface. This project is sequenced/sponsored by DOE Joint Genome Institute.
MIT9301				1641879	31.34	High-light	This strain is isolated from Sargasso Sea 90m. This strain has a low Chl b/a2 ratio. This project is sequenced/sponsored by The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Marine Microbiology Initiative.
MIT9303				2682807	50.01	Low-light	This strain is isolated from Sargasso Sea 100m. It can grow only in a narrow range of light intensities. This strain belongs to the 'low light-adapted' ecotype, clade IV, and has a high Chl b/a2 ratio. This project is sequenced/sponsored by The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Marine Microbiology Initiative.
MIT9312				1709204	31.21	High-light	This strain is isolated from Gulf Stream 135m. This project is sequenced/sponsored by DOE Joint Genome Institute.
MIT9313				2410873	50.74	Low-light	This strain is isolated from Gulf Stream 135m. This project is sequenced/sponsored by DOE Joint Genome Institute.
MIT9515				1704176	30.79	High-light	This strain is isolated from Equatorial Pacific 15m. This project is sequenced/sponsored by The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Marine Microbiology Initiative.
NATL1A				1864731	34.98	Low-light	This strain is isolated from Northern Atlantic 30m. This strain has a high Chl b/a2 ratio. This project is sequenced/sponsored by The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Marine Microbiology Initiative.
NATL2A				1842899	35.12	Low-light	This strain is isolated from Northern Atlantic 10m. This project is sequenced/sponsored by DOE Joint Genome Institute.
SS120				1751080	36.44	Low-light	This strain is isolated from Sargasso Sea 120m. This strain is also known as CCMP1375 This project is sequenced/sponsored by CNRS.